3 research outputs found
Artificial Intelligence in Assessing Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors via Retinal Fundus Images: A Review of the Last Decade
Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to be the leading cause
of mortality on a global scale. In recent years, the application of artificial
intelligence (AI) techniques, particularly deep learning (DL), has gained
considerable popularity for evaluating the various aspects of CVDs. Moreover,
using fundus images and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) to
diagnose retinal diseases has been extensively studied. To better understand
heart function and anticipate changes based on microvascular characteristics
and function, researchers are currently exploring the integration of AI with
non-invasive retinal scanning. Leveraging AI-assisted early detection and
prediction of cardiovascular diseases on a large scale holds excellent
potential to mitigate cardiovascular events and alleviate the economic burden
on healthcare systems. Method: A comprehensive search was conducted across
various databases, including PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of
Sciences, IEEE Xplore, and ACM Digital Library, using specific keywords related
to cardiovascular diseases and artificial intelligence. Results: A total of 87
English-language publications, selected for relevance were included in the
study, and additional references were considered. This study presents an
overview of the current advancements and challenges in employing retinal
imaging and artificial intelligence to identify cardiovascular disorders and
provides insights for further exploration in this field. Conclusion:
Researchers aim to develop precise disease prognosis patterns as the aging
population and global CVD burden increase. AI and deep learning are
transforming healthcare, offering the potential for single retinal image-based
diagnosis of various CVDs, albeit with the need for accelerated adoption in
healthcare systems.Comment: 40 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables, 91 reference
Tertiary referral hospital experience of methanol poisoning in the COVID-19 era: a cross-sectional study in Northwestern Iran
Abstract Background Methanol poisoning is a worldwide phenomenon that has resulted in deaths and irreversible complications. However, studies show it is more prevalent in developing countries and areas with lower socioeconomic status. So, accurately recognizing socio-economic risk factors, increasing people's awareness about methanol poisoning, and proper hospital management will reduce its dangerous complications and mortality. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted retrospectively at Sina Hospital, a poisoning center and tertiary referral center in northwestern Iran, and investigated demographic findings and hospital management indicators through systematic random sampling between February 20, 2020, and September 22, 2022 (or the COVID-19 era). We assessed variable correlations using Spearman's correlation coefficient, MannâWhitney U, and KruskallâWallis. Results Out of 131 patients, 126 (96.2%) were males, and 5 (3.8%) were females. 45.5% and 30.3% of poisoning incidents occurred between the winter and spring, respectively. 67 patients (50.8%) were referred to this hospital due to vision complaints. Unfortunately, 10 patients (7.6%) passed away despite receiving care. Employed individuals were referred to the treatment facility more quickly than unemployed individuals (P-valueâ=â0.01). Patients with medical insurance coverage were referred faster after consuming alcohol (P-valueâ=â0.039). Older patients referred to the hospital later. (P-valueâ=â0.006). Conclusions Mortality and morbidity following methanol poisoning are likely to be affected by factors including access to medical care, financial stability, and employment status. Consequently, reducing mortality and morbidity requires attention to these concerns
Muscular and hepatosplenic candidiasis in a patient with acute myeloblastic leukemia: A case report and literature review
Key Clinical Message Muscular and subcutaneous candidiasis is a rare entity in immunocompromised patients, but it should be kept in mind when we see multiple cystic soft tissue masses in addition to targetâshaped hepatosplenic lesions in neutropenic patients. US and MRI are useful imaging modalities for the diagnosis and followâup of these patients. Abstract Soft tissue candidiasis is an opportunistic infection in immunocompromised patients and must always be diagnosed and treated as soon as possible. In this case report, the patient is a 14âyearâold boy with acute myeloid leukemia M3âtype who presented with numerous soft tissue and hepatosplenic candidal abscesses